![]() On the whole, these craniological data indicate three facts: (1) the Basques are basically Mediterranean (in the wider sense) racially, with some brachycephalic accretion. The basion-alveon diameter, 91.9 mm., is the lowest mean known, and in combination with other dimensions indicates an extremely orthognathous condition. is not extreme, for it is higher than that of both Sardinian and Portuguese crania. is also an extreme, most closely approximated by a Lowland Scottish series. The mean breadth of the nasal aperture, 22.9 mm. The mean bimalar face breadth, taken between the lowest points of the malar-maxillary sutures, is 89.6 mm., a craniological minimum, and the nearest approach to it is the dimension of 90.9 mm. Might ressemble Haimar Zubeldia.įacially this resemblance to British skulls is even closer but the Basques attain or approach several European extremes. They conform metrically, in other words, to a Keltic Iron Age type, which was a mixture of Nordic with Dinaric elements.Īlternative Baskid male morph. The Basque crania closely resemble those of the British Iron Age people and of the seventeenth century Londoners. A length of 186 mm., and a breadth of 143 mm., are moderate in size, while the cranial index of 77 is mesocephalic. Morant, in a study of 76 male crania from Guipuzcoa, finds that the Basques are not unusual in the dimensions and morphology of the cranial vault. The exact metrical position of the Basques may best be determined by the study of their crania. The nasal profile is convex in some 49 per cent of French Basques, as compared to 43 per cent of Spanish ones. Among the Spanish Basques the incidence of blondism is somewhat lower, but the Basques are still light when compared to most other inhabitants of Spain. Black hair is found in 7 per cent of the group, brown in 77 per cent, and light brown to blond in 16 per cent. The French Basques are by no means all brunet Collignon finds 22 per cent of blue eyes, 44 per cent of "medium," and 34 per cent of dark. ![]() The Spanish Basques are mesocephalic, with a mean cephalic index of 78, while the French Basques are sub-brachycephalic, with a mean of about 82. The forehead is straight or but slightly sloping, the browridges weak or absent, the nasion depression slight or absent, the nose thin, often aquiline, with a thin tip, sometimes depressed the forehead is broad, the midface quite narrow, the mandible extremely slender and narrow through the bigonial region, and the chin is narrow and pointed. The ideal Basque type, which is not merely an artistic standard, but a reality, is chiefly identifiable by means of a combination of facial features. Nevertheless it is likely that they are, to a large extent, founded on fact. These generalizations as to body build are the result of general observation rather than of anthropometry. "The Basques are people of moderate stature, They are lightly built, ideally with broad shoulders and narrow hips, and a conical thorax. May sometimes show Orientaliform or Armeniform traits. Nose (hyper)leptorrhine, large and long, face narrow, chin pointed. Skull appears triangular as it is particularly wide near the temples, browridges weak or absent, forehead large and slightly sloping, sometimes straight. Brachycephalic, chamaecranic with a round occiput. Medium height, mesoskelic, mesomorph to ectomorph. Straight or wavy, usually brown, sometimes red or blonde hair. It went on to contribute to the formation of Keltic-Nordid and North Atlantid, through mixing with Hallstatt.įair to pale skin. European colonists have spread this type to the Americas. Baskid may also appear rarely in Portuguese people. This type can be found among Spaniards whose distant ancestors repopulated various areas of Spain from the north (e.g. It can occasionally appear in the British Isles (especially in Wales ) and along the Atlantic coast of France. It is found in its purest form in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques region of southwestern France It is also very common in northeastern Spain, especially in the Basque Country, Navarra, Northern Aragon and Catalonia (the Pyrenees), though it is transitional to Mediterranid types such as Eurafricanid and Gracile Mediterranid, and thus more mesocephalic. It saw its origins in a mix of the Bell Beaker type and Gracile Mediterranid. ![]() Hyperleptorrhine, straight or convex Map Secondary Image:īaskid is an ancient European type associated with the Basques.
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